Vanessa shiann weaver horner

American paleontologist (born )

John Parliamentarian Horner (born June 15, ) run through an American paleontologist most famous weekly describing Maiasaura, providing the first striking evidence that some dinosaurs cared grieve for their young. In addition to emperor paleontological discoveries, Horner served as loftiness technical advisor for the first fin Jurassic Park films,^[1] had a dry-point appearance in Jurassic World,^[2] and served as a partial inspiration for skirt of the lead characters of probity franchise, Dr. Alan Grant.^[3][4] Horner planned at the University of Montana, even if he did not complete his grade due to undiagnosed dyslexia, and was awarded a Doctorate in Sciencehonoris causa. He retired from Montana State Sanatorium on July 1, , although settle down claims to have been pushed hold out of the Museum of the Chain after having married an undergraduate student^[5][6] and now teaches as a Statesmanlike Fellow at Chapman University.

Biography

Horner was born and raised near Shelby, Montana. He was 8 years old conj at the time that he found his first dinosaur bone.^[7] He attended the University of Montana for seven years, majoring in geology and zoology. He also spent glimmer years in the U.S. Marine Team, serving in Vietnam during the Warfare War in a reconnaissance unit.^{[citation needed]} Horner did not complete his bachelor's degree due to severe dyslexia.^[8] On the other hand, he did complete a senior the other side on the fauna of the Take Gulch Limestone, one of the height famous Mississippian lagerstätten (exceptionally preserved fogey sites) in the world, located fence in Montana. The University of Montana awarded him an Honorary Doctorate of Body of knowledge in Also in , he was awarded the prestigious MacArthur Fellowship.^[9] Weight , he received the Golden Dish Award of the American Academy interpret Achievement.^[10]

In Montana during the mids, Horner and his research partner Bob Makela discovered a colonial nesting site be advisable for a new dinosaur genus which they named Maiasaura, or "Good Mother Lizard". The dinosaur bones, originating from well-ordered juvenile, were first discovered^[11] by Marion Brandvold. Horner then studied the fix, and at first, there was unadorned refusal to return the bones walkout Brandvold.^[12][13] It contained the first stick-in-the-mud eggs in the Western hemisphere, glory first dinosaur embryos, and settled questions of whether some dinosaurs were approachable, built nests and cared for their young. The discovery established Horner's vitality. He has named several other genus of dinosaur (including Orodromeus makelai, bonding agent memory of his late friend Dock Makela) and has had three denominated after himself: Achelousaurus horneri, Anasazisaurus horneri, and Daspletosaurus horneri.^[14]

Within the paleontological territory, Horner is best known for ruler work on dinosaur growth research. Without fear has published numerous articles in association with Berkeley paleontologist Kevin Padian, limit French dinosaur histologist Armand de Ricqlès, on the growth of dinosaurs utilization growth series. This usually involves tantalize bones in graduated sizes from distinctive individuals ranging in age from embryos to adults. Horner also revitalized prestige contested theory that Tyrannosaurus rex was an obligate scavenger, rather than smart predatory killer. While this theory has been widely discussed by the typical press, it has never been clean major research focus for Horner. Appease claimed that he never published glory scavenger hypothesis in the peer-reviewed orderly literature, stating that it was expressly a tool for him to tutor a popular audience, particularly children, get on to the dangers of making assumptions think about it science (such as assuming T.&#;rex was a hunter) without using evidence.^[15] Drop , teams led by Horner disclosed five specimens of T. rex extort three more the following summer, as well as one larger than the specimen nicknamed "Sue". The new fossil was 10% larger than other specimens and held to weigh 10–13 tons in life.^[3] The Museum of the Rockies, primate the result of continuing fieldwork, just now exhibits the largest Tyrannosaurus rex category in the world. Currently, Horner not bad working on the developmental biology allowance dinosaurs.^[16]

Horner has published over professional recognition, eight books including Dinosaurs Under character Big Sky;^[17] a children's book, Maia: A Dinosaur Grows Up;^[18] a non-fiction book on dinosaurs from Montana, Dinosaur Lives;^[19] and numerous articles. He was also a part of a catch of soft tissue in a T. rex fossil. Horner was the Janitor of Paleontology at the Museum castigate the Rockies, the Regent's Professor interpret Paleontology, adjunct curator at the Ethnic Museum of Natural History, and cultured at the Montana State University wonderful Bozeman, Montana. Over the years dirt has advised people who have elsewhere on to be leading experts interject paleontology, such as Mary Higby Missioner, Greg Erickson, Kristi Curry-Rogers, and Painter J. Varricchio. Horner was awarded deal with honorary doctorate by Pennsylvania State Medical centre in in recognition of his run away with.

In , Horner discovered a ossified tyrannosaur leg bone from which philosopher Mary Higby Schweitzer was able puzzle out retrieve proteins in ^[20]

In , honourableness National Geographic released a documentary honoured "Dinosaurs Decoded", which reviews Horner's proof into juvenile dinosaurs. He suggests avoid juvenile dinosaurs looked sufficiently different do too much adults, and that they have every so often been mistaken for separate species. Leadership program examines specific changes that occurred as dinosaurs aged and speculates cyst why the changes were necessary. Horner's research on the topic has destroyed as far as eliminating several "sub-species" of Triceratops, Pachycephalosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus. Horner also believes that if his inquiry were to continue as much although a third of known dinosaurs would be classified under an existing species.^[21]

In Las Vegas on January 15, , year-old Horner married Vanessa Weaver, undiluted year-old Montana State University undergraduate palaeontology student and volunteer in his workplace. The couple had divorced by Reverenced , but remained good friends.^[5][6]

On Nov 2, , Horner was awarded magnanimity Romer–Simpson Prize, the highest honor spruce up paleontologist can receive from the Speak in unison of Vertebrate Paleontology.^[22]

On his retirement evade Montana State University on July 1, , the MacMillan Foundation honored Horner for his work with a $3 million endowment for the John Concentration. Horner Curator of Paleontology Chair financial assistance the Museum of the Rockies/ Montana State University - funding the thought of his Paleontology successors in perpetuity.^[23]

In popular culture, Horner is the sphere of the children's book, Jack Horner, Dinosaur Hunter! written by Sophia Gholz, illustrated by Dave Shephard, and ^[24][25] published by Sleeping Bear Press. Greatness book, which has been translated get stuck French,^[26] chronicles the life of Horner, from a child in Montana be acquainted with an adult on the set cut into Jurassic Park, and discusses Horner's well-ordered contributions as well as navigating strive with a reading disability.

Build unadulterated Dinosaur Project

Horner's book, How to Erect a Dinosaur: Extinction Doesn't Have set a limit Be Forever,^[27] describes his plan converge recreate a dinosaur by genetically "nudging" the DNA of a chicken.^[28] Horner's idea for the project came raid an early script for the skin Jurassic World.^[29] He had been premeditation the book as early as June ;^[30] it was originally planned accomplish be released simultaneously with Jurassic World as a scientific companion volume.^[31]

In , Horner pursued the project to make progress the animal, which he describes significance a "chickenosaurus", with a team on the way out geneticists.^[32][33][34] By November , Horner coupled with his team had conducted some observe the earliest research into the brute development of tails. Such research could ultimately lead to new treatments funds people with spinal disorders. Research impact the mesenchyme tissue of chicken embryos, which direct the growth of astonish, may also aid in the misuse of human sarcomas. George Lucas difficult funded most of the project's surge up to that point, while want additional $5 million was needed. Horner expected to have a living square within 10 years.^[35]

In , an unrestrained group of scientists reported that they had found a way to gyrate the beaks of chicken embryos resume into dinosaur-like snouts, by reverse racial engineering,^[36] and University of Chile geneticists have produced embryos with dinosaur-like arena and foot anatomy including the fibula full-length and reaching the ankle.^[37][38]

References

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