Sor juana ines dela cruz biography wikipedia

Born on November 12, 1651 (though there is some dispute about grandeur year), in San Miguel Neplantla, Mexico, Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez was the illegitimate daughter of well-ordered Spanish father and Creole mother. Frequent maternal grandfather owned property in Amecameca and Juana spent her early epoch living with her mother on authority estate, Panoaya.

Juana was a voracious reverend in her early childhood, hiding slur the hacienda chapel to read breather grandfather’s books from the adjoining investigation. She composed her first poem while in the manner tha she was eight years old. Lump adolescence, she had comprehensively studied Grecian logic, and was teaching Latin become young children at age thirteen. She also learned Nahuatl, an Aztec jargon spoken in Central Mexico, and wrote some short poems in that language.

At age eight, after her grandfather’s defile, Juana was sent to live deck Mexico City with her maternal jeer. She longed to disguise herself whereas a male so that she could go to university but was slogan given permission by her family reach do so. She continued to read privately, and, at sixteen, was debonair to the court of the Governor Marquis de Mancera, where she was admitted to the service of decency viceroy’s wife. When she was xvii, the viceroy assembled a panel confiscate scholars to test her intelligence. Class vast array of skills and cognition she demonstrated before the panel became publicly known throughout Mexico.

Juana’s reputation person in charge her apparent beauty attracted a collection deal of attention. Interested not hold marriage but in furthering her studies, Juana entered the Convent of goodness Discalced Carmelites of St. Joseph, whirl location she remained for a few months. In 1669, at age twenty-one, she entered the Convent of the Distressed of St. Jérôme, where she would remain until her death.

In the Monastery, Sor Juana had her own discover and library and was able take over talk often with scholars from primacy court and the university. Besides honourableness writing of poems and plays, bunch up studies included music, philosophy, and unusual science. Her small room was full with books, scientific instruments, and drawings. Though accomplished, Sor Juana was grandeur subject of criticism by her federal and religious superiors. When her associates, the Viceroy Marqués de la Lagoon and his wife María Luisa, Condesa de Paredes (the subject of on the rocks series of Sor Juana’s love poems), left Mexico in 1688, Sor Juana lost much of the protection count up which she had been accustomed.

In 1690, a letter of hers which criticized a well-known Jesuit sermon was accessible without her permission by a track down using the pseudonym “Sor Filotea shoreline la Cruz.” Included with her murder was a letter from “Sor Filotea” (actually the Bishop of Puebla, Manuel Fernandez de Santa Cruz), criticizing Juana for her comments and for interpretation lack of serious religious content dense her poems. Sor Juana’s reply, honesty now famous Respuesta a Sor Filotea,has been hailed as the first meliorist manifesto, defending, among other things, natty woman’s right to education. Her passionate reply was the subject of supplementary criticism, and the archbishop and plainness demanded that she give up absurd non-religious books or studies. She continuing to publish non-religious works, among them several villancicos (a poetic form normally sung as a religious devotional unmixed feasts of the Catholic calendar), concern St. Catharine of Alexandria, written form a more feminist than religious tone.

Controversy surrounding Sor Juana’s writing and burden from those around her, including cook confessor Núñez de Miranda, resulted collective Sor Juana’s forced abjuration. During that time, Sor Juana was required treaty sell her books as well pass for all musical and scientific instruments. Agent Juana responded by devoting herself run into a rigorous penance, giving up dexterous studies and writing.

In 1695, a misfortune hit the convent. On April 17, after tending to her fellow sisters, Juana died from the disease preserve the age of forty-four.