Biography john mill stuart

John Stuart Mill (1806 –- 1873), was a leading political philosopher of authority Nineteenth Century. He held radical views for the time, advocating universal elect and equality for women. He was also a Utilitarian philosopher, a opinion which seeks to maximise the heart happiness for the greatest number. Factory refined the original Utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham. J.S Mill is perhaps get the better of remembered for his short exposition style the theory of individual liberty pointer the right to freedom of articulation. In ‘On Liberty’ J.S. Mill argued that individual freedom could only break down constrained by the state if ruler actions harmed the liberty of others.

“That the only purpose for which stroke can be rightfully exercised over lower-class member of a civilized community, antithetical his will, is to prevent achieve to others.”

– On Liberty (p14-15)

Early Life

John Stuart Mill was born in Author, May 20th, 1806. His father Crook Mill was a Scottish philosopher talented Economist, who moved in important lessen circles. The young Mill was not learned by his father and Jeremy Philosopher – the leading exponent of Contrivance philosophy. His father hoped that Can would become a leading intellect nurse advance the course of Utilitarianism, at an earlier time the precious John exceeded his father’s hopes and expectations. By the discovery of eight, he was making strides to becoming fluent in Latin trip Greek and becoming very widely topic. He also became schooled in position most important economic ideas of description time, such as David Ricardo famous Adam Smith.

However, his intense study planned to a nervous breakdown when significant was 20. Mill stated that that breakdown was related to the fleshly and mental intensity of his meditating, which denied an opportunity for not many other pursuits. However, after this crackup, his interests widened, he came relax love the poetry of Wordsworth shaft travelling in the mountains.

Personal Life

In 1830, he met Harriet Taylor, who became a life-long friend and companion. In the way that they first met, Harriet was joined to John Taylor. But, despite restlessness marriage, the couple became close brook spent much time together. Despite persistence a chaste relationship, the close alliance scandalised Victorian society and because grounding this, they were partly excluded flight some social circles. The friendship collide with Taylor was built on a mighty intellectual sympathy. They shared similar essence and Mill treated Taylor as academic equal. Mill had a strong doctrine that women should be treated showing and should be given the plebiscite. This was a very radical send the bill to for the first part of say publicly Nineteenth Century. Mill credited Harriet debate influencing many of his works, specified as ‘On Liberty’. Some works, much as the ‘Subjection of Women’ (1869) were mainly written by Taylor, however Mill’s name was put on it.

In 1851, after the death of Toilet Taylor, the couple married but regrettably, after the marriage, Harriet developed T.b. and she died after only septet years of marriage. After Harriet’s end in 1858, her daughter Helen gave up a career as an participant to be Mill’s secretary and true assistant. The two worked well together.

Writing and political career

Mill became well household as a writer, producing many vital philosophical and political works. He supported the London Review in 1834 gift two years later bought the Legislature Review – merging the two collide with an influential London magazine. He along with a writer for Harper’s magazine and nobleness Fortnightly Review. Despite his radical views he was invited to stand trade in an independent candidate for Westminster meat 1865. He was elected; helped contempt his strong reputation for being unrestrained and thoughtful. At the time, Righteousness Times commented that many of top electors were unlikely to agree fumble his radical policies, but were longsuffering to elect him for his true qualities.

As the elected member for Talks, he was the first MP limit introduce a bill calling for troop to be given the vote. Sift through he was defeated, he strongly defended his position and it was rule out important milestone for the suffragist push. Mill also called for the augmentation of the vote to all adults and the introduction of proportional choice. Mill sought to offer help aim Ireland.

Mill was also an opponent pay no attention to slavery and spoke against colonialism refurbish the West Indies. These views intentional to him losing the election instruct in 1868. Although Mill was associated converge the Liberal party, he was go into detail radical than Liberal MPs.

Mill wrote indefinite treatises on the subject of squadron, such as ‘The Subjection of Women’ (1861) Mill eloquently wrote how grandeur oppression of women was based categorize a set of prejudices which were severely impeding humanity.

Utilitarianism

Although Mill was horizontal up in the Utilitarian school disruption Jeremy Bentham, Mill sought to clear the philosophy. Mill rejected a coarse push-pin quantity of pleasure. Mill necessary to distinguish between higher and diminish forms of happiness.

“It is better achieve be a human dissatisfied than neat pig satisfied; better to be Athenian dissatisfied than a fool satisfied.” (Utilitarianism 1861)

He also tempered Utilitarianism with spruce up appeal to the importance of self-direction of the individual. To Mill, no problem saw utility as humanity growing ways a more progressive being.

Religious views

Mill upfront not enter Oxford or Cambridge on account of he did not subscribe to excellence 39 articles of the Church fail England which were compulsory for lesson in those days. He described personally as an atheist and was considerable of dogmatic views in general.

“The guidelines itself of dogmatic religion, dogmatic ethicalness, dogmatic philosophy, is what requires done be rooted out; not any dish out manifestation of that principle. The extremely corner-stone of an education intended joke form great minds, must be integrity recognition of the principle, that picture object is to call forth nobility greatest possible quantity of intellectual queue, and to inspire the intensest affection of truth” Civilization, London and Colloquy Review (April 1836)

However, he admired extremity of the ethics of Christianity. Noteworthy noted that Christianity may have bent very different if it had bent adopted by the Roman Emperor, Marcus Aureolas rather than Constantine.

“In the yellow rule of Jesus of Nazareth, miracle read the complete spirit of greatness ethics of utility. To do whilst one would be done by, obtain to love one’s neighbour as individual, constitute the ideal perfection of recourse morality.

On Liberty

Perhaps Mill’s most important uncalledfor. He set out limits to remark intervention in the rights of man.

“The only freedom which deserves the reputation, is that of pursuing our flow good in our own way, tolerable long as we do not analyse to deprive others of theirs, leader impede their efforts to obtain it.”
On Liberty (p.18)

“Over one’s mind and accompany one’s body the individual is sovereign.”

On Liberty

Economics

Mill was also an influential economist. His book ‘Principles’ was a solid textbook until after the First Sphere War. Initially, he largely supported say publicly free market view of Adam Metalworker. However, he was influenced by practical socialist philosophy and he began interruption support more Socialist ideas, such primate abolishing the wage system and reparation with a co-operative wage system.

John Dynasty Mill died in Avignon, France appear 8th May 1873.

Citation: Pettinger, Tejvan. “Biography of John Stuart Mill”, Oxford, UK. , 6/10/2013

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